Tumors (Neoplasia)
Neoplasia (tumors) are abnormal tissue proliferations, which develop exceeding normal tissue, uncoordinated with it. This uncontrolled tissue growing may continue even after cessation of the etiologic factor (self-maintained). The structure of a tumor (neoplasia) : parenchyma (tumor cells derived from previously normal cells) and stroma (vessels and connective tissue), in variable proportions.
Classification and nomenclature of tumors
Type of cells :
Benign
Malignant
A. Tumours composed of one parenchymal cell type
A.1.Epithelial tumours
Stratified squamous epithelium
Basal cells of skin or adnexa
Seborrheic keratosis
Glands or ducts
-
Papillary carcinoma
Cystadenoma
Cystadenocarcinoma
Respiratory tract epithelium
-
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Neuroectoderm
Malignant melanoma
Renal epithelium
Renal tubular adenoma
Liver cells
Liver cell adenoma
Bile ducts
Billiary adenoma
Bile duct carcinoma
Urinary tract epithelium (transitional)
Transitional cell papilloma
Transitional cell carcinoma
Placental epithelium - gestational trophoblast
Hydatidiform mole
Gestational choriocarcinoma
A.1. Mesenchymal tumours
Conjunctive tissue and derivatives
fibroblasts
Fibroma
lipoblasts
Lipoma
Liposarcoma
chondroblasts
Chondrosarcoma
osteoblaste
Osteoma
Endothelium and relative tissues
blood vessels
Angiosarcoma
lymphatic vessels
Lymphangioma
Lymphangiosarcoma
synovia
-
Synoviosarcoma
mesotelium
Solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura
Malignant mesothelioma
meninge
Meningioma
Invazive meningioma
Blood cells
hematopoietic cells
lymphoid tissue
Muscle fibers
smooth
Leiomyoma
Leiomyosarcoma
striated
Rhabdomyoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
B. Tumours with different types of cells from the same germ layer - mixed tumours
Salivary glands
Pleomorphic adenoma (Mixed tumour of salivary gland origin)
Malignant mixt tumour of salivary gland origin
Breast
Malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes
Nephroblastem (metanephric blastema)
C. Tumours with different types of cells derived from more than one germ layer - teratogenous
Totipotential cells in gonads or in embryonic rests
Immature teratoma
Dermoid cyst
Teratocarcinoma (Embryonic carcinoma)
-
Endodermal sinus tumour
-
Non-gestational choriocarcinoma
s-soft